Obstructed labor is caused by cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) due to:
- Large head
- Narrow pelvis
- Malposition (fetal malposition)
TREATMENT
- Alive fetus
- C/S
- Dead fetus
- Destructive delivery
BANDL’S RING
- Late sign of obstructed labor
- Represents the transition between a stretched lower segment and a contracted upper segment of the uterus
- Ultimate result of unrelieved obstructed labour is UTERINE RUPTURE
Early 
Late
Bandl’s ring 
Impending rupture
OBSTETRICS 